Permutation-lock construction



April 13, 1926. 1,580,573

F. SCHARA PERMUTATION LOCK CONSTRUCTION Filed March 8, 1924 Patented Apr. 13, 1926, y

U NITED s r FRANK SCH-ARA,

1 OFFICE,

orxm'qsms buy. {1v1issdUit;, ssiqiqpit {re seiieim MANfiFACTUR- me CORPORATION, OF KANSAS CITY, mssoum mmwxwromrook eoisrszbiwemu.

Aiipncatidn med ma'rch is, 11m. Bend-1 in. 691531.

T 0 all whom it may co'nrn'; Be it known that I, FRANK SQHXRA', 'a' citizen of the United States, l e'eidifig at Kansas City, in the county of J s ckson, and Stete of Missouri, have invented certain new and 11seful Im rovements Coiistruotiohe,- of which the "folldfiyih g is a s ecific-men. Y

The ih'ventioh has for ah eh jeet to efieet eh in ip oyfei ie it pemmimien 121 5103 ing- "rotating tumblers on a. sliding ho-It; aifnd has been perti cul i'rly hpplie'd sme ma-11y v small adlocks.

' thmhler's 7 as of 'such lo'eks It is a purpose to iihp rb ye the fim'ctiom damage. because, of u ndistfihu'ted 't-re'ss' op tiunhleis and also to minimize liability of discovery of a eoiiibiliatioii by observatio of movements 01* soiihds in the 106k.

Addition-11 M-we; advantages and feetures of inventioii i'es'id'e in the oonstrhe tioh a i' 'aiig'ei'nent end ,coinbinzition of parts as will be understood fi'oin the qeeom'pahying particular deser'iffiti-o'n end drawings, '\'yh'ei'ein- Figure l'is ah eleietioh of 211001: eii'ibodying my invention; t j

Figure 2 is an edge View thei eof at the side 'with the tuhibl'efs; V e -7 Y Figure 3 is a View of the sha'elile, detached; Figiire t is a l'eii gitudihels'eetio ii ef the lock; g' r f I .Fi'g'ufe 5 is it bottomview 0f ehe of the Figure 6 is tumblerbodywithout the \i ard'rihg; I

, Figure 7 is at similar that of thetveid ring deta hed; s Q t Figtiie 8 is eh ehdyiet of the she ckl e boltfl Figure Figute bolt; a I I Figure 11 is 211i elevation thereof fiom the hack of Figure I g t f i;

Th'eij'e is illtlstrated a cage body 10 Shh I stantielly, rectangular itiside elet aitiefiihfifl formed 'With it plilifali'ty of stalls openings 11 iii oiie edge to receive 'a iid'pei'fly support rotatable t'tlmhleisg end pifovides se amting plates 12 betfieefi'the timible'r's'. eto e or 'e'ftei? formatien' of these 9 is a top jviw qi the-loekb'edy'; 10 is it cross s'ec'ti'ofi of the sh'eckl'e ene at here is fofinedfthi-bfi-ghfthe a similar View shewing' the ,iyitl eae" the-sane 11 bit shapedand elitifed with the plates 12. A

1 tioh l tof thefbody,through the plates 12 p ottom projections hemed being cifelilai' recess 16 i'sfoi'med in the top edgcof the bedy 1030f the sai'ne diameter as the here 13 Mid this recess is hiished 'with a metal 17 liehle iii a niihiniuiii degree to 601 their)?! to receive; the bill or. extremity 18 of the wvin gifig hook-shaped shack-1e 19, which is fe'imed \"v'ith an elongated urin oi. bolt portion 20. ,l v 7 V The bolt 26 is ni fich les'siii 'diatiieterthan the Boise 13, ahd is) fitted iii a sleeve or jacket "21 6f bfai'ss or other metal liable in a mini- The bolt body is eylincl'xfical in Cross section, and formed with sclex'v threads at its row-er 'eiid. The sleeve 21 is 'ihtei'helly threaded at its lower part, i'eceiviiig the end ofthe'holt in tight screw relation the'ieW it-h. The threads of the sleeve ihtist'thei'efoie project inwardly from th'e'slee'ye beyond the 'a'rojec'tion of the unthieit'ded portion of the bolt. The sleeve and bushing 173m of the sit-me nmterial and dinnieteij and are; preferably formed from seamless tubing, thethi'ends of the sleeve being foimahle by eoliip'r'essioh'onto a suita'ble the tO 'PIO'VIdG the nwardlyprqecting thieed st The sha'ekle sleeve fits in the bore Within the bottom rojec'tio'il 15 at the o'pphs'ite end lies ush With the tep 'suififce of the body 1.0, While the bill '18 bf theshe ckle is set, securely in "the. recess, 16. i

ehch'sheve of the bolt portion are 'foi'iiie'd' 's'o that in'locked position; the

angles between the faces foul the lock.

'a ly flush therewith when the shackle is in loci position. A longitudinal groove .26

also extends from the extremity .of the sleeve to the uppermost groove 25, of the same depth as the coves and forming connuuni -t' them. i

i "use revolu y engaged in the the bolts slidably there- ..nblers having suitable characters on their perimeters. Tilach tumbler (OlllPl'loCS a circular or other form of body ha a ccutralbore 29 therethrough to snugly lit the bolt for ready sliding novement thereof through the body and for easy rotation of the body of the bolt. Each tumbler l ody part is formed with a circular recess 30 in the lower side concentric with the bore 25), and having numerous notches or b nches 31 stopping short of the lateral faces of the body 28. These notches ed in the present instance, giving the recess a star-shaped appearance. The bottom of the recess is as nearly ilaniform as practicable. Fitted tightly in the recess there is a ward washer or ring 32 having one or more points 33 on its periphery adapted to engage the notches 81 alternately, and raving an inwardly projecting ward lug 34- formed into ally thereon. These washers are stamped i..tegrally from sheet metal, all of the same form, size and shape, and are pressed into the recesses in various relations to the characters on the 'perimecers of the tumblers, that various combinations may be developed. The notches 31 are ar 'anged in a definite relation to the characters on the tumblers, and preferably they are uniformly spaced. so that when the lu all tumblers are alined longitudinally of the bolt the characters will likewise be alined. The lugs are of a form to more freely into the longitudinal groove and the circumscribinc' grooves of the bolt. v The body 10 of the lock includes planiform faces on the side adjacent the tumblers, there being three between the two major surfaces or sides of the body 10. The faces 35 and the sides are in the relation of five consecutive sides of a symmetrical. octagon having the bolt its axisand thetumblers are preferably.cylindrical andformcd with a radius equal to that at the apices of the In this way the faces of the tumblers project readily for manipulation without affording room for excessive accun'iulati-on of matter tending to The inner sides of the stalls are set well back from the tumblers at the sides of the body so that ready grip on the tumblers grip of the fingers thereon during manipu' lation. lVhile eight characters and notches 31 are shown, this number may be varied as found desirable. 7 1

The method of forming the body 28 con sists in providing rod stock of the proper size, cutting this into segments to form bodies 28, punching the bore 29, stamping the recess 30 by a suitable die, refinishing the bore 29; and forming the characters on the perimeter after familiar practice. The characters may be formed on the rod stool: if preferred, by drawing the rod between rollers having the desired characters thereon and bearing upon the rod with suiiicicnt pressure.

The assembly of the sleeve 11 and bolt 20 is accomplished by forming the parts to fit snugly one over the other, and then heating the sleeve and screwing the bolt ouickly thereinto. The sleeve will then snrink on to the bolt firmly against casual removal. Other methods may be found applicable within the scope of the invention.

In the use of this look the strength of steel in a small sized shackle to resist damage and distortion by abuse may be availed of, while at the same time the advantage in brass and other non-corrosive metals in reducing liability of the parts rusting together is availed of. The location of the washers 32 at the lower side of the tumblers insures that the stress incident to attempts to force the lock will be sustained in such a manner that liability of displacement of the parts from proper operative relation will be minimized, and also the parts will be arranged in the best manner to sustain the maximum stress without strain or failur The partition plates 12 are resilient in the ordinary materials used in such locks, and while adapted to sustain a considerable stress without flexure, on application of maximum stress they will yield slightly, so that all of the tumblers and interposed plates become adjusted to a load, and each of the lugs 34 in the grooves 25 will be enabled to assume a portion of the stresses communicated from the bolt when pulled upon at the shackle. It may be found desirable to provide a slight additional play between the uppermost tumbler and the sides of its stall, inorder to enhance the functioningv of the parts as last mentioned, and in addition to permit a binding of the partition plates on the bolt and thereby sustaining exceptional stresses directly. This would minimize liability of-da-mage to the tumbler partsand grooves of the bolt.

} tumblers by sounds in the lock or the sense of touch. They may be arranged, in longitudinally a'lined series, vor may be irregularly spaced.

I claim:

1. In a lock of the'charaeter described, a case having a bolt receiving bore and stalls '1 ransversely thereof to receive rotating tuniblers. a bolt portion slidable in said bore, tumblers in said stalls snugly revoluble on the bolt means on bolt and tumblers to interlock at certain positions of the tumblers but permitting sliding'movement of the bolt at other limited positions, the material, of

- the case between the stalls comprising resil ient plates pro ecting between the tumblers stalls are located on the casein a relation to form therebetween resilient plates the said bore being continued through the plates and snugly fitting the bolt, and in which the tumblers and a shackle engage in a manner to transmit stresses incident tolongitudinally applied force from the bolt to the plates and cause inclination thereof to. bind on the shackle. i

Intestirnony whereof I afiix my signature.

FRANK SCHARA; 

